Kubernetes has a few health checks that it performs to ensure your containers are healthy and running:

• Liveness Probe – makes sure the application is running properly. This is done by the developers exposing a health check API that you tell Kubernetes to check on a periodic basis. If it fails, Kubernetes will restart the container.
• Readiness Probe – makes sure the container is ready to respond to user requests and participate in the load balancer. If it fails, it is removed.
• HTTP checks allow you to  call a URL and validate you are getting the right response
• exec allows you to run a custom script that will confirm application/container health